This is the sixth survey of a research program begun in 2001 by KPPOD, with support from the Asia Foundation. Each year the scope has expanded, beginning with 90 districts (2001), and this year 243 districts. With more than 12,000 respondents, the survey is the largest of its kind in Indonesia and one of the largest economic governance surveys in the world. The goal has been to help to spur competition among districts and highlight the importance of local business climates in the era of decentralization.