Indonesia is a member of OPEC, the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, and it produced 1,268 thousand barrels of oil per day in 2000, and exported 211 thousand barrels per day to Japan in 2000'. However, Indonesia is expected to become a net oil-importing country by 2010, because of the growing domestic demand for oil following economic growth and future difficulty with massive oil development. It is not only a serious problem for Indonesia but also for Japan, because lndonesia is an important oil provider for Japan, providing about 5% of total Japanese oil imports. Japan's dependence on the Middle East for oil imports was 87.19% in 2000 and is still gradually rising, therefore, Indonesia will have profound effects on energy security in the Asian region including Japan.