"Defence Industrial Policy Approaches and Instruments" explores the economic and strategic dimensions of defense industrial policies across eight countries: Australia, Germany, Holland, Israel, Korea, Spain, Sweden, and the UK. This study examines the diverse approaches and incentives generated by various defense industrial policies, focusing on procurement modes and their alignment with national defense and industry objectives. By analyzing policy documents and their practical implications, the study identifies key procurement modes, including domestic, offshore, licensed, and joint ventures, and their impact on capabilities such as R&D, production, export potential, and technology transfer. The book highlights how different policy approaches—such as import substitution and export promotion—shape defense procurement strategies and industry development, providing a comprehensive framework for understanding the interplay between defense policies and industrial outcomes.