This book presents a theory of civil-military relations, focusing on the development of a theoretical framework rather than a historical description of these relations in various countries. While it includes historical material primarily from the United States, as well as Europe and Asia, its main objective is to provide a way of thinking about and understanding civil-military relations more deeply. The author argues that understanding requires theory, which, in turn, simplifies and organizes the complex reality. Although theories cannot explain all facts, and reality is often disorganized, having logical categories is essential for analytical thinking. The book critiques existing theories rooted in American liberalism, which are deemed inadequate and outdated, and seeks to offer a more relevant and useful framework while identifying key theoretical issues involved in the study of civil-military relations.